Mock-ups are used by designers mainly to acquire feedback from users about designs and design ideas early in the design process. Mock-ups are 'very early prototypes' made of cardboard or otherwise low-fidelity materials. The user, aided by the designer, may test the mock-up (imagining that it works) and thus provide valuable feedback about functionality/usability/understanding of the basic design idea/etc.
The advantages of mock-ups (and prototypes) are numerous. For example:
* Mock-ups incite criticism from users because they are low-cost (can be made of cardboard) and low-fidelity. If a user is presented with an early version of a system that has required substantial work, he/she is likely to be more reluctant (as well as able) to critise it.
* When using mock-ups of cardboard or similar materials, the user and designer can collectively change the design using familiar tools such as pens, scissors etc. As such, mock-ups are a discussion medium and a discussion facilitator between designer and user.
* Not only can the mock-up function as a discussion medium between designer and user but also between the members of the design team. Thus, mock-ups may help facilitate work across disciplinary borders, bringing together a disparate team.
* Mock-ups make it possible to do usability testing early in the development process.
* Mock-ups incite and legalise experimentation as they are inexpensive to alter.
* Mockups focus on content and functionality and turn attention away from details of graphic design.
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